Auto merge of #160479 - nnethercote:opt-try_evaluate_obligations, r=jdonszelmann

Optimize `try_evaluate_obligations`



This function is very sub-optimal, perf-wise: it takes `self.obligations.pending` (with `mem::take`) and iterates over the elements, checking each one. But most of the time no progress is made and all the obligations get pushed back onto `self.obligations.pending`. This drain + reconstruct approach is very expensive, mostly because the new `pending` vec is built by pushing one element at a time, which requires repeated reallocations. And this vec can have thousands of elements in it, in extreme cases.

Also, `obligation` and `stalled_on` get passed by value to `evaluate_root_goal` (`obligation` as `goal`), which then usually passes the values back in the `GoalEvaluation` which is immediately deconstructed. This is a lot of wasted value moves.

This commit optimizes things in two ways.

- It prioritizes the hot path. This involves checking in advance if there is an inspector (usually not) and adding `goal_remains_stalled` which takes `stalled_on` by reference. This hot path avoids all the value moves and `GoalEvaluation` construction/deconstruction and gets to the very common "nothing needed to be done" outcome as quickly as possible.

- It uses `retain_mut` to update `self.obligations.pending`. This requires some adjustments (e.g. handling recursion via the `overflowed` flag with some cleanup code after the `retain_mut` call, and cloning obligations in the error cases).

r? @lcnr
cc @jdonszelmann @WaffleLapkin