[DevTools] Throw an error when attempting to clone non-existent node (#35702)

There is an existing issue with serialisation logic for the traces from
Profiler panel.

I've discovered that `TREE_OPERATION_UPDATE_TREE_BASE_DURATION`
operation for some reason appears earlier in a sequence of operations,
before the `TREE_OPERATION_ADD` that registers the new node. It ends up
cloning non-existent node, which just creates an empty object and adds
it to the map of nodes.

This change only adds additional layer of validation to cloning logic,
so we don't swallow the error, if we attempt to clone non-existent node.