Add `--silent` option to suppress output in `@tailwindcss/cli` (#20100)

Edited by: @RobinMalfait 

This PR adds a new `--silent` option to the `@tailwindcss/cli` to
suppress output (except for errors).

## Test plan

- Existing tests pass
- A new integration test for the `--silent` option was added

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Original:

## Summary

Small change to add a `--quiet` option.

@adamwathan previously said this type of thing [sounded like a good
idea](https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/issues/8050#issuecomment-1100164351):

> [I] have made a note about the --silent option idea which I think
definitely has value 👍🏻

This is helpful to keep logs high signal in some scenarios. For example,
when I want AI to sift through my foreman logs, where "Done in X"
becomes the dominant log message over time when running tailwind
alongside other things.

## Test plan

I've added an integration test.

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Co-authored-by: Robin Malfait <malfait.robin@gmail.com>